U.S.-Chinese tensions have ebbed and flowed during Trump`s second term, largely over trade and tariffs but also over China`s increasing aggressiveness toward Taiwan, which Beijing has said must reunify with the mainland.

Taiwanese flags at the National Day celebration in Taipei on Oct. 10. An Rong / Bloomberg via Getty Images

The Trump administration has announced a massive package of arms sales to Taiwan valued at more than $10 billion that includes medium-range missiles, howitzers and drones, a move that is sure to infuriate China.

The State Department announced the sales late Wednesday during a nationally televised address by President Donald Trump, who made scant mention of foreign policy issues and did not speak about China or Taiwan at all. U.S.-Chinese tensions have ebbed and flowed during Trump`s second term, largely over trade and tariffs but also over China`s increasing aggressiveness toward Taiwan, which Beijing has said must reunify with the mainland.

The eight arms sales agreements announced Wednesday cover 82 high-mobility artillery rocket systems, or HIMARS, and 420 Army Tactical Missile Systems, or ATACMS - similar to what the U.S. had been providing Ukraine during the Biden administration to defend itself from Russia - worth more than $4 billion. They also include 60 self-propelled howitzer systems and related equipment worth more than $4 billion and drones valued at more than $1 billion.

Other sales in the package include military software valued at more than $1 billion, Javelin and TOW missiles worth more than $700 million, helicopter spare parts worth $96 million and refurbishment kits for Harpoon missiles worth $91 million.

In separate but nearly identical statements, the State Department said the sales serve "U.S. national, economic, and security interests by supporting the recipient`s continuing efforts to modernize its armed forces and to maintain a credible defensive capability."

"The proposed sale[s] will help improve the security of the recipient and assist in maintaining political stability, military balance, and economic progress in the region," the statements said.

Under federal law, the U.S. is obligated to assist Taiwan with its self-defense, a point that has become increasingly contentious with China, which has vowed to take Taiwan by force if necessary.

Taiwan`s Defense Ministry in a statement Thursday expressed gratitude to the U.S. over the arms sale, which it said would help Taiwan maintain "sufficient self-defense capabilities" and bring strong deterrent capabilities. Taiwan`s bolstering of its defense "is the foundation for maintaining regional peace and stability," the ministry said.

Taiwan`s Foreign Minister Lin Chia-lung similarly thanked the U.S. for its "long-term support for regional security and Taiwan`s self-defense capabilities," which he said are key for deterring a conflict in the Taiwan Strait, the body of water separating Taiwan from China`s mainland.

The arms sales comes as Taiwan`s government has pledged to raise defense spending to 3.3% of the island`s gross domestic product next year and to reach 5% by 2030. The boost came after Trump and the Pentagon requested that Taiwan spend as much as 10% of its GDP on its defense, a percentage well above what the U.S. or any of its major allies spend on defense. The demand has faced pushback from Taiwan`s opposition KMT party and some of its population.

Taiwanese President Lai Ching-te last month announced a special $40 billion budget for arms purchases, including to build an air defense system with high-level detection and interception capabilities called Taiwan Dome. The budget will be allocated over eight years, from 2026 to 2033.

The U.S. boost in military assistance to Taiwan was previewed in legislation adopted by Congress that Trump is expected to sign shortly.

Last week, the Chinese embassy in Washington denounced the legislation, known as the National Defense Authorization Act, saying it unfairly targeted China as an aggressor.

"The bill has kept playing up the `China threat` narrative, trumpeting for military support to Taiwan, abusing state power to go after Chinese economic development, limiting trade, economic and people-to-people exchanges between China and the U.S., undermining China`s sovereignty, security and development interests and disrupting efforts of the two sides in stabilizing bilateral relations," Beijing`s embassy in Washington said after the legislation passed the House.

"China strongly deplores and firmly opposes this," it said.

The U.S. Senate passed the bill Wednesday.